What is an Orthodontist and What Do They Do? A Complete Guide
Ever wondered why some people need braces while others don’t? Or why your dentist referred you to an orthodontist? Orthodontists are dental specialists who focus on straightening teeth and correcting jaw misalignment. But their role goes beyond just giving you a perfect smile—properly aligned teeth improve oral health, speech, and even digestion.
In this guide, we’ll explore what orthodontists do, how they differ from general dentists, common orthodontic treatments, and why their work is essential for both function and aesthetics.
What is an Orthodontist?
An orthodontist is a dental specialist who diagnoses and treats misaligned teeth and jaw issues. They go through extensive training beyond dental school, completing an additional two to three years of specialized education in orthodontics.
Orthodontists help patients of all ages achieve proper dental alignment, which improves oral health and prevents future dental problems. They use tools like braces, clear aligners (like Invisalign), retainers, and other devices to straighten teeth and correct bite issues.
Orthodontist vs. General Dentist: What’s the Difference?
While both general dentists and orthodontists focus on oral health, their roles are quite different:
| General Dentist | Orthodontist |
|---|---|
| Provides routine dental care (cleanings, fillings, crowns) | Specializes in correcting misaligned teeth and jaws |
| Performs general dental procedures like extractions and root canals | Uses braces, aligners, and retainers to straighten teeth |
| Can provide minor orthodontic care (basic retainers, clear aligners) | Has advanced training in complex dental and jaw alignment cases |
Think of it this way: a general dentist is like your primary care doctor, while an orthodontist is a specialist, similar to a cardiologist or dermatologist.
Common Orthodontic Problems and How They’re Fixed
Orthodontists treat a variety of dental alignment issues, including:
1. Malocclusion (Bad Bite)
Malocclusion occurs when the upper and lower teeth don’t align properly. There are different types:
- Overbite – Upper front teeth overlap too much over the lower teeth.
- Underbite – Lower teeth protrude beyond the upper teeth.
- Crossbite – Upper and lower teeth don’t align correctly when biting down.
- Open bite – Front teeth don’t touch when biting down.
Treatment: Braces, clear aligners, or in severe cases, jaw surgery.
2. Crowded Teeth
When there isn’t enough space for teeth to grow properly, they overlap and become crooked.
Treatment: Braces or clear aligners gradually shift teeth into the correct position. Sometimes, tooth extractions may be necessary.
3. Gapped Teeth
Too much space between teeth can cause gum problems and speech issues.
Treatment: Braces or clear aligners close gaps and create an even smile.
4. Jaw Misalignment
Misaligned jaws can lead to TMJ (temporomandibular joint) pain, headaches, and difficulty chewing.
Treatment: Orthodontic appliances, jaw expanders, or in extreme cases, orthognathic surgery.
Orthodontic Treatment Options
There are multiple ways orthodontists straighten teeth and correct bite problems. The best treatment depends on the patient’s needs, lifestyle, and preferences.
1. Traditional Braces 🦷
- Metal Braces: Most common and effective for severe misalignment.
- Ceramic Braces: Similar to metal braces but less noticeable because they blend with tooth color.
- Lingual Braces: Placed behind the teeth, making them nearly invisible.
2. Clear Aligners (Invisalign, ClearCorrect)
- Custom-made, removable trays that gradually shift teeth.
- A great option for mild to moderate alignment issues.
- Bonus: No food restrictions like with braces!
3. Retainers
- Used after braces or aligners to maintain alignment.
- Can be fixed (permanent) or removable.
4. Palatal Expanders
- Widens the upper jaw in children with narrow palates to prevent crowding.
- Usually used before braces to make space for permanent teeth.
5. Orthodontic Surgery
For severe jaw misalignments, oral surgery combined with orthodontic treatment may be necessary to improve function and appearance.
How Long Does Orthodontic Treatment Take?
The length of treatment varies depending on the severity of the misalignment:
| Treatment Type | Average Duration |
|---|---|
| Traditional Braces | 12-36 months |
| Clear Aligners (Invisalign) | 6-18 months |
| Palatal Expanders | 6-12 months |
| Retainers (Post-Treatment) | Lifelong use (nighttime wear) |
During treatment, patients visit their orthodontist every 4-8 weeks for adjustments.
Benefits of Orthodontic Treatment
Getting orthodontic treatment is more than just achieving a beautiful smile—it also improves oral health and overall well-being.
✅ Easier Cleaning – Straight teeth are easier to brush and floss, reducing the risk of cavities and gum disease.
✅ Better Chewing & Digestion – Properly aligned teeth help break down food more efficiently.
✅ Improved Speech – Misaligned teeth can cause speech difficulties, which orthodontics can correct.
✅ Less Jaw Pain – Correcting bite issues can relieve TMJ discomfort and headaches.
✅ Boosted Confidence – A straight, healthy smile increases self-esteem and overall happiness.
Actionable Tips: How to Take Care of Your Teeth During Orthodontic Treatment
1️⃣ Brush and floss regularly – Use a soft-bristled toothbrush and floss threaders for braces.
2️⃣ Avoid hard and sticky foods – Popcorn, gum, and hard candy can break brackets and wires.
3️⃣ Wear your retainer after treatment – This prevents teeth from shifting back.
4️⃣ Attend regular check-ups – Routine visits ensure your treatment is progressing well.
5️⃣ Use orthodontic wax – If you experience discomfort from braces, wax can reduce irritation.
When Should You See an Orthodontist?
You should visit an orthodontist if you have:
🔹 Crooked, crowded, or gapped teeth
🔹 Difficulty chewing or biting
🔹 Jaw pain, clicking, or shifting
🔹 Speech issues caused by misaligned teeth
🔹 A noticeable overbite, underbite, or crossbite
Tip: The American Association of Orthodontists (AAO) recommends children see an orthodontist by age 7 to catch problems early. However, teeth can be straightened at any age!
Final Thoughts: A Straight Smile is a Healthy Smile!
Orthodontists play a crucial role in improving both the function and appearance of your smile. Whether you need braces, clear aligners, or other orthodontic treatment, investing in a well-aligned smile can boost your confidence and improve your oral health for life.
If you’re considering orthodontic treatment, we’re here to help! Contact Bellevue Prime Dental Group at (425) 605-3575 or Lynnwood Prime Dental Group at (425) 251-0707 to schedule a consultation today.
Your perfect smile is waiting! 😁
FAQs About Orthodontists
1. Do I need a referral to see an orthodontist?
No, you can book a consultation directly!
2. Are braces better than clear aligners?
It depends on your case—braces work best for complex issues, while aligners are great for mild to moderate corrections.
3. Is orthodontic treatment painful?
You may feel slight discomfort after adjustments, but it’s temporary.
4. How much do braces or Invisalign cost?
Costs vary, but many dental insurance plans cover part of the treatment. Payment plans are also available.
Sources:
- American Association of Orthodontists (AAO)
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
- WebMD: Orthodontics Overview
